Traveling with CPAP: Flying, TSA, Batteries and Power Abroad

You can take your CPAP on almost any trip, and you should. Airlines treat a CPAP as a medical device, it does not count toward your carry-on limit on U.S. flights, and many machines can run on batteries or work with overseas power. A little planning keeps you treated every night you are away.

Why to bring CPAP every time

Sleep apnea does not take a vacation. In a study where people stopped using CPAP for two weeks, sleep apnea came back within a few days, along with daytime sleepiness and higher morning blood pressure.^[1] Travel often means long drives, time zone changes and less sleep, so good treatment matters even more. If CPAP is still new to you, start with getting used to CPAP before a big trip.

Getting through airport security

• Carry it on — TSA allows CPAP machines in carry-on bags. Packing it in your carry-on keeps it safe and with you.^[2]
• Expect X-ray screening — the machine, mask and tubing may stay in their case, but an officer may ask you to take the case out of your bag. In TSA PreCheck lanes, it can usually stay in your bag.^[2]
• Use a clean plastic bag — slipping the machine into a clear plastic bag keeps it clean on the belt and in the bin.
• Empty the humidifier — pack the water chamber dry so nothing spills on the machine.
• Tell the officer — say it is a medical device. If it is swabbed, you can ask the officer to change gloves first.

Carry-on limits and using CPAP on the plane

On flights to, from or within the United States, U.S. Department of Transportation rules say airlines must let you bring assistive devices into the cabin and may not count them toward your carry-on limit.^[3] A CPAP counts as an assistive device, so you can bring it in addition to your usual bags.

If you want to use CPAP during a flight, such as on an overnight trip:

• Check the label — U.S. airlines must allow in-flight use of a CPAP that has a manufacturer's label saying it meets FAA requirements, on planes designed for more than 19 passengers.^[4]
• Call the airline early — some airlines ask you to contact them 48 hours before departure and to check in early.^[4]
• Bring enough battery power — airlines may require charged batteries to last at least 150% of the longest expected flight time. Seat power is not guaranteed.^[4]
• Follow battery rules — spare lithium batteries must go in your carry-on, never checked bags. Batteries up to 100 watt-hours are allowed; larger ones, from 101 to 160 watt-hours, need airline approval, with a limit of two spares.^[5] Protect the battery ends from short circuits, for example in the original package or a pouch.

Many people turn off the humidifier during a flight, since it uses more power and water can spill.

Power and voltage abroad

• Check the power supply label — many CPAP power supplies accept both U.S. and overseas voltage. If the printed range covers the country you are visiting, you usually need only a plug adapter.
• Pack the right adapter — plug shapes vary by country. Bring one or two, plus an extension cord, since hotel outlets are often far from the bed.
• Ask before using a converter — if your power supply does not match local voltage, ask your equipment supplier what to use rather than guessing.
• Think about altitude — many newer machines adjust for altitude on their own; older ones may need a setting change. Check your manual before a mountain trip.

Distilled water on the road

Most CPAP makers recommend distilled water for the humidifier because tap water has minerals that leave buildup. Grocery stores and pharmacies in many places sell it, and some hotels can provide it if you ask.

If you cannot find distilled water, check your manual for what your machine allows. Many machines can run with the humidifier off for a few nights, though you may notice a drier nose or mouth. Never use water that is not safe to drink. For daily care while away, see how to clean CPAP equipment.

Road trips and camping

• Use a CPAP battery — battery packs made for your machine let you sleep where there is no outlet. Charge it fully before you go.
• Bring a car adapter — many machines have a DC adapter for a car or RV outlet. Ask your supplier which one fits your model.
• Make the battery last — turning off the humidifier and heated tubing often makes a battery last much longer.
• Keep it clean and dry — store the machine in its case, away from dust, rain and heat.

Travel CPAP machines

Several companies make small, light travel CPAPs. They fit easily in a backpack, and some can run on a built-in or clip-on battery. Some do not have a regular water humidifier and use a small moisture filter at the mask instead.

• Good for frequent travelers — and for camping, cruises or long flights.
• May feel different — they can be louder or less humid than your home machine.
• Needs a prescription — it must be set to your prescribed pressure. Insurance may not pay for a second machine, so check first.
• Mask may still fit — most work with standard masks; see CPAP mask types for smaller styles that pack well.

Your CPAP packing checklist

• Machine, mask, headgear and tubing — plus a spare mask cushion in case one tears.
• Power supply and cord — plug adapters, an extension cord, and batteries or a car adapter if needed.
• Water chamber, packed empty — and a plan for distilled water.
• A copy of your prescription — and your equipment supplier's phone number. It helps if your machine is lost or a part breaks, and at some borders.
• A doctor's letter for international trips — not usually required, but it can help with airlines or customs.

When to see a sleep specialist

Talk with your sleep doctor before or after a trip if:

• You plan a long or overnight flight — and want to use CPAP on board.
• You are going to high altitude — your settings or treatment plan may need review.
• You want a travel machine — it needs a prescription with your pressure settings.
• Problems keep you from using CPAP — leaks, dryness or discomfort. See common CPAP problems and solutions.

CPAP care in Cedar Park

Dr. Minal Patel is board-certified in pediatrics and sleep medicine. Our practice offers CPAP and BiPAP titration and therapy, in-lab and home sleep apnea tests, and Inspire evaluation. We do not sell equipment, but we can review your treatment before a trip. We are accepting new patients, Monday through Friday, 8:30 to 5:00. We accept Medicaid and CHIP for sleep patients. We do not take walk-ins.